Fastener Technical Articles & Blog

Welded plate foundation bolt assemblies with pipe sleeve and stiffener gussets made at S.R. Forgings

Types of Foundation Bolts and Where Each One Is Used

Suneer Kapoor · 8 September 2026

J, L, straight, eye-end, welded plate and U type anchors all hold in different ways. Which mechanism each one relies on, why bent bolts are bent before heat treatment, and what a drawing must state.

Headed shear connector studs to ISO 13918 in production at S.R. Forgings, Ludhiana

Threaded Studs vs Headed Shear Studs: Both Are ISO 13918

Suneer Kapoor · 7 September 2026

Weld studs and shear connectors share one standard, one gun and one process. What PD, RD, UD and SD mean, which ceramic ferrule each takes, and why a weld stud is property class 4.8 and not 8.8.

ASTM A193 B7M stud bolts with heavy hex nuts for oil and gas service

Why Oil and Gas Uses B7 and B7M Instead of 8.8, 10.9 or Stainless

Suneer Kapoor · 4 September 2026

B7 is weaker than 10.9, so strength was never the reason. Ductility, tempering temperature, code listing and the NACE 22 HRC hardness ceiling are what actually decide refinery bolting.

Steel grades used for property class 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9 bolts

What Steel Goes Into a Grade 8.8, 10.9 or 12.9 Bolt

Suneer Kapoor · 3 September 2026

EN8D, C45Cr, EN18, 4140 and boron steel: what each one buys, why long bolts bend in a water quench, and the reason boron steel must never go under hot-dip galvanising.

Why HSFG bolts replaced rivets in bridge construction

Why HSFG Bolts Replaced Rivets in Bridges

Suneer Kapoor · 31 August 2026

A riveted joint and a preloaded bolt do the same thing. So why did riveting disappear, what were rivets genuinely good at, and how do you bolt a repair into a hundred-year-old riveted bridge?

Tunnel segment bolts - thread form, types and specification

Tunnel Segment Bolts: Thread Form, Types and How to Specify Them

Suneer Kapoor · 31 August 2026

Radial and circumferential bolts, why the thread is a coarse 5 mm pitch rather than ISO metric, straight versus curved, and what a drawing must state before the order goes out.

HSFG bolts to IS 3757, EN 14399 and ASTM F3125 with coating guidance

HSFG Bolts Explained: IS 3757, EN 14399 and ASTM F3125

Suneer Kapoor · 29 August 2026

What separates the Indian, European and American structural bolting standards, why A325 and A490 are no longer standards of their own, and when to specify black, hot-dip galvanised or zinc flake coating.

Shear connector studs compared with PSR studs

Shear Connector Studs vs PSR Studs: Sizes and Uses

Suneer Kapoor

Both are called shear studs. They are not interchangeable. ISO 13918 size charts, burn-off allowance, PSR stud sizes to ASTM A1044, and a clear rule for which one your drawing needs.

The Rising Demand for Shear Connector Studs in Modern Construction